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Photosynthesis

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The food chain (and energy flow) follows this order: At the bottom of the food web are producers, which have a unique ability to transform sunlight into ATP energy units. Autotrophs such as green algae and plants convert sunlight into energy and serve as food sources for primary consumers.

Energy flows in a food web from primary producers to many consumers. The food chain is the organization of organisms in a single direction from producer to high level consumers. The food chain (and energy flow) follows this order: At… Start your 48-hour free trial to unlock this answer and thousands more.

This energy is transmitted to different trophic levels along the food chain. This energy flow is based on two different laws of thermodynamics: First law of thermodynamics, that states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it can only change from one form to another.

In an aquatic ecosystem, the grazing food chain is the major conduit for energy flow. As against this, in a terrestrial ecosystem, a much larger fraction of energy flows through the detritus food chain than through the grazing food chain. Bacterial and fungal enzymes degrade detritus into simpler inorganic substances.